Arbeitsblatt: Grammar Unit 7 and 8

Participial adjectives (-ed -ing) There are many adjectives formed from either the past participle or the -ing form of verb. For example: surprised – surprising, bored – boring, tired – tiring, interested – interesting. But there is an important difference between the two! Past participles (-ed) We use the past paticiples of verbs as adjectives (ending with – ed) to describe how we feel about something or someone. Present participles (-ing) We use the present participles of verbs as adjectives (ending with –ing) to describe the thing or person that produces the feeling. You must be tired after the journey. The match was very bad and was bored. We were amused by Peters jokes. Adjectives Exercise It must have been very tiring journey. It was boring match and feel asleep. We found Peters jokes amusing. -ED and –ING Choose the correct adjective: 1. My nephew was . (amusing amused) by the clown. 2. Its so . (frustrating frustrated)! 3.This lesson is so . (boring bored)! 4. Im feeling . (depressed depressing). 5.I thought her new idea was absolutely . (fascinated fascinating). 6.This maths problem is so . (confusing confused). Can you help me? 7.The teacher was really . (amusing amused) so the lesson passed quickly. 8. He was . (frightening frightened) when he saw the spider. 9. That film was so . (depressing depressed)! There was no happy ending for any of the characters. 10.Its okay, its only me. Dont be . (alarming alarmed). 11.I hate long flights, Im always really . (boring bored). 12.She looked very . (confusing confused) when told her we had to change the plan. 13.John was . (fascinated fascinating) by Mandarin when he first started learning languages. Was sind Question Tags (Frageanhängsel)? Allgemein werden Frageanhängsel (Question Tags) verwendet, um vom Gesprächspartner eine Bestätigung oder Zustimmung zu erhalten. Beispiele für englische ‘Question Frageanhängsel im Deutschen: Tags: nicht wahr? oder? do you? dont you? gell? have you? havent you? Stimmt‘s? are you? arent you? will you? wont you? Wie werden Frageanhängsel (Question Tags) verwendet? Frageanhängsel stehen am Ende des Satzes und beziehen sich in der englischen Sprache immer auf das verwendete Verb sowie das Personalpronomen im Aussagesatz. In positiven Sätzen wird ein negatives Frageanhängsel verwendet und in negativen ein positives. Beispiele für positive Sätze; entsprechend wird ein verneintes Frageanhängsel verwendet: You are hungry, arent you? He is from Scotland, isnt he? She plays the piano, doesnt she? Beispiele für negative Sätze; es wird also ein bejahtes Frageanhängsel gebraucht: She isnt very happy about her new job, is she? He cant come this weekend, can he? We are not allowed to leave, are we? Wie werden Frageanhängsel (Question Tags) gebildet? Bei der Verwendung von ‘Question Tags muss beachtet werden, dass das Personalpronomen sowie die im Aussagesatz verwendete Zeit (Tense) stets gleich bleiben. 1. Steht ein Hilfsverb (be, have, etc.) im Aussagesatz, muss dieses im Anhängsel ebenfalls verwendet werden He is very unhappy, isnt he? They have got beautiful house, havent they? 2. Steht o o kein Hilfsverb, wird das Question Tag mit ‘do gebildet: She likes chocolate, doesnt she? They like dancing dont they? think lot, dont I? You speak English, dont you? Question Tags – Exercises Verbinde die passenden Sätze miteinander am funny, isnt she? He can sing very well, arent they? She is beautiful, arent I? They are very sad, is he? My dad isnt very tall, cant he? We arent tired, are you? You arent nice, are we? Hänge auch hier das korrekte Question Tag an. love food, She likes music They fly to America, You speak Spanish, He likes dogs, We work hard Ergänze die Question Tags. 1. dont have to go there, . 2. You did not tell him lie, . 3. They are not watching TV right now, . 4. It will not rain tomorrow, . 5. She is not going home yet, . 6. He would not do this, . 7. wont see you again, . 8. We have not been here before, . 9. She wasnt surprised, . ? ? 10. We cannot do this together, . Linking words We use. and to connect two similar ideas Tomek really likes music and he loves hip-hop. but to connect two contrasting ideas Ben was shivering, but he was laughing. or to connect two alternative ideas Will Simon tie Robbie up, or will Robbie escape? because to talk about reason or cause Ben wants to be pilot because he likes flying. so to talk about consequence or result Ben likes flying, so he wants to be pilot. Linking words Exercise Tomek really likes music he loves hip-hop. Ben was shivering, he was laughing. Should take pizza cheeseburger? Ben wants to be pilot he likes flying. Ben likes flying, he wants to be pilot. so because exercise Write sentences with „so or „because, putting the verbs into the past simple! 1. beautiful bird (fly) into the garden; (take) picture of it. 2. (stay) up all night; (feel) terrible this morning. 3. He (break) the lamp; he (pay) for new one. 4. She (buy) tent; she (want) to go camping. 5. We (find) purse in the street; we (bring) it to the police station. 6. (call) from phone box; (not have) my mobile with me. Infinitive of purpose to-infinitive can be used to express purpose (to answer Why.?): Im calling to place an order for delivery. Diya went to the door to open it. To pass this test, you need to achieve score of 60% or more. Infinitive of purpose Exercise Fill in the gaps with verb below and build an infinitive of purpose. bought dictionary to help with my vocabulary. We went to the art gallery at the pictures. sent an email to Helen about her holiday in Mexico. went to the information desk information about the train times. want to buy swimming costume with me on my beach holiday next week. Im studying very hard at the moment my exams next month. He stopped the car at the petrol stationwith petrol. Taketo the buy passsome look ask stamps. get went post office fill up Infinitive of purpose Exercise help Write sentences as in the example using an infinitive of purpose. Ex.: He wants to go travelling. That‘s why he has bought rucksack. He has bought rucksack to go travelling. 1. The teachers want to learn Italian. They‘re going to Italy for six months. 2. Mary wants to keep fit. She does exercises every day. 3. We were visiting our friends. That‘s why we went to England. 4. He wants to cut his hair. That‘s why he has to go to the hairdresser‘s. 5. He‘s inviting them to party. He‘s writing his friends. Die Arten der Relativsätze – which that Um den Unterschied zwischen that und which zu verstehen, ist es wichtig, bestimmende (defining/restrictive) und nicht bestimmende (non-defining/nonrestrictive) Relativsätze zu verstehen. Diese Unterschiede zu beherrschen ist ein wichtiger grammatischer Aspekt, den jeder Englischlernende verstehen sollte. So kann man grammatische Fehler vermeiden. 1. Nicht bestimmende Relativsätze Ein nicht bestimmender (non-defining oder non-restrictive) Relativsatz ist ein Satz, der eingeschoben ist: My house, which has blue door, needs painting. Die schräggedruckten Wörter sind eine Zusatzinformation, die weggelassen werden kann. Im eigentlichen Satz (My house needs painting.) geht es darum, dass das Haus gestrichen werden muss, die blaue Tür beschreibt dieses Haus nur näher. Benutze Kommas im nicht bestimmenden Relativsatz. So werden die nicht bestimmenden Elemente vom restlichen Satz abgetrennt. Solche Satzelemente können Wortgruppen sein, die Subjekt und Verb enthalten oder Verbindungen, die weder Subjekt noch Verb enthalten. 2. Bestimmende Relativsätze Ein bestimmender Relativsatz (defining oder restrictive clause) ist unentbehrlich für den Sinn des Satzes. My house that has blue door needs painting. Hier ist die blaue Tür ganz wichtig, denn in diesem Satz habe ich mehrere Häuser und nur das Haus mit der blauen Tür soll gestrichen werden. Bestimmende Relativsätze werden nicht durch Kommas abgetrennt. Ein bestimmender Relativsatz ist für die Bedeutung des Satzes unentbehrlich und darf deswegen auch nicht weggelassen werden, da sich der Sinn des Satzes sonst dramatisch ändern würde.